Why are suffixes and prefixes important in understanding base words?

Suffixes and prefixes are crucial for understanding base words because they can create new meanings or forms of the word. For instance, when a prefix such as "un-" is added to the base word "happy," it transforms the word into "unhappy," effectively changing its meaning to express the opposite sentiment. Similarly, adding a suffix like "-ing" to the verb "run" changes its form to "running," indicating an ongoing action. This morphological change enhances vocabulary and comprehension, allowing for more nuanced language and communication. Understanding how prefixes and suffixes function helps in decoding unfamiliar words and grasping their meanings, ultimately enriching one's language skills.