What transformation occurs in a passive voice sentence?

In a passive voice sentence, the transformation that occurs is that the object of the action becomes the subject of the sentence. This structure shifts the focus from who is performing the action to who is receiving the action. For example, in the active voice sentence "The chef cooked the meal," "the chef" is the subject performing the action, and "the meal" is the object receiving the action. When transformed into passive voice, it becomes "The meal was cooked by the chef." Here, "the meal" now takes the place of the subject, and the focus is on the meal rather than the chef.

The other options do not accurately describe passive voice. In passive constructions, the subject does not directly perform the action, a counterargument is not a necessary component of transforming to passive voice, and sentences are not split into multiple clauses as a requirement of passive voice transformation.